Ovarian cysts are sacs filled with fluid or other tissue that form in or on an ovary. They are common, and most are benign. Many ovarian cysts cause no symptoms and may disappear without treatment.
Functional cysts
Functional cysts are the most common type. They develop as part of the menstrual cycle and often resolve on their own within several weeks. Two common functional cysts are follicular cysts and corpus luteum cysts.
Teratomas
Teratomas, sometimes called dermoid cysts, can contain different types of body tissue, such as skin or hair. They are usually benign, although rare cases can become cancerous.
Cystadenomas
Cystadenomas form from cells on the outer surface of an ovary. They are generally benign but can sometimes become quite large.
Endometriomas
Endometriomas are ovarian cysts associated with endometriosis. They develop when endometriosis affects an ovary.
Symptoms
Many ovarian cysts cause no symptoms. When symptoms occur, they can include pelvic pain or pressure, bloating, abdominal swelling, or pain during certain activities. Sudden severe pain can occur if a cyst ruptures, bleeds, or causes the ovary to twist.
Diagnosis and monitoring
A healthcare professional may detect an ovarian cyst during a pelvic examination or ultrasound. Some cysts can simply be monitored, while others may require additional testing or treatment depending on their size, appearance, symptoms, and other factors.
Sources
American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists — Ovarian Cysts
MedlinePlus — Ovarian Cysts
Medical disclaimer: This website provides general educational information and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Contact a qualified healthcare professional with questions about symptoms or treatment.