Treatment for an ovarian cyst depends on the type of cyst, its size and appearance, symptoms, age, and whether the cyst changes over time. Many functional ovarian cysts do not require treatment and disappear on their own.
Watchful waiting
When a cyst appears to be a typical functional cyst and is not causing serious symptoms, a healthcare professional may recommend monitoring it rather than treating it immediately.
Repeat ultrasound may be used to determine whether the cyst has disappeared, remained stable, or increased in size.
Hormonal birth control
Hormonal birth-control pills may be prescribed for people who frequently develop functional ovarian cysts.
These medications can reduce the chance of developing new functional cysts by suppressing ovulation. They generally do not shrink an ovarian cyst that already exists.
Managing pain and symptoms
Some ovarian cysts cause pelvic pain, pressure, bloating, or discomfort. A healthcare professional may recommend appropriate pain-relief medication depending on the person’s symptoms and medical history.
Pain medication can help control symptoms but does not remove the cyst itself.
When surgery may be considered
Surgery may be recommended when an ovarian cyst:
- does not go away
- continues to grow
- causes persistent or significant symptoms
- has a complex appearance
- requires further evaluation for possible cancer
The type of surgery depends on the cyst and the individual situation. Surgery may sometimes remove only the cyst, while other circumstances may require removal of an ovary.
Can ovarian cysts be permanently prevented?
There is no method that guarantees a person will never develop another ovarian cyst.
For people who repeatedly develop functional cysts and are not trying to become pregnant, hormonal birth control may reduce the likelihood of new functional cysts forming.
When urgent medical attention may be needed
Seek prompt medical evaluation for sudden severe pelvic or abdominal pain, particularly if it occurs with nausea, vomiting, weakness, dizziness, or abnormal bleeding. These symptoms can occur with complications such as ovarian torsion or cyst rupture.
Medical Sources
MedlinePlus — Ovarian Cysts
MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia — Ovarian Cysts
Medical disclaimer: This website provides general educational information and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Contact a qualified healthcare professional with questions about symptoms or treatment.
This page is for general education and cannot diagnose a condition or replace care from a qualified healthcare professional.